The MBTI ^®, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, & Myers Briggs Personality Type
For Educators and Students

Introductory Articles on the MBTI & Myers Briggs Personality Type

• An Introduction to the MBTI & Myers Briggs ^® Model of Personality Types
  An introduction to Jung's model of psychological types as adapted by Isabel Myers in the development of the MBTI ^® - the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Authored by Ross Reinhold, editor of PersonalityPathways.com and an experienced MBTI administrator and educator.

• About the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator - MBTI ^®
  An introduction to the basic concepts underlying the MBTI and its uses in education, industry, career development, and counseling. Authored by Peter Geyer, an internationally known and respected MBTI educator and authority on Carl Jung's Theory of Psychological Types.

• Myers Briggs Test * What is Your Myers Briggs Personality Type?
  An online inventory to introduce students to the theory of Personality Types and the concepts behind the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ^®. Educators and MBTI administrators also use this as an informal personality test to verify the applicability of the scoring resulting from an administration of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Authored by Ross Reinhold, an experienced MBTI administrator and educator, and editor of PersonalityPathways.com .

• An Introduction to the 16 Myers Briggs Personality Types
  Descriptions of the characteristics of the 16 Myers Briggs Personality Types by Danielle Poirier, an internationally respected consultant and educator of applications of Personality Type. Danielle is also the creator and producer of a popular multi-media CD on Personality Type entitled "The Magnificent 16."

• How Myers Briggs Personality Types are Distributed in the Population
  Two tables at the bottom of this page compare the distribution of MBTI Personality Types in the normal population with the distribution of Types in the leading professional membership organization for people having an interest in Personality Type.

* While commonly referred to as the Myers Briggs Test or the MBTI test, the MBTI ^® is not a test but a personality inventory or instrument in which there are no right or wrong answers.

^® MBTI, Myers-Briggs, Meyers Briggs, and Myers-Briggs Type Indicator are registered trademarks or trademarks of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Trust in the United States and other countries (aka meyer briggs or myers briggs).

Intermediate Articles on the MBTI & Personality Type

• Personality Type Dynamics: Interpreting the Personality Type Code
  An explaination of the rationale behind the arrangement of the letters of the four letter MBTI type code, including the concepts of dominant and auxiliary mental functions, the psychological attitudes of extraversion and introversion and the dynamics of interpreting the Myers' J and P type letters.

• Understanding the Characteristics & Relationships of the 16 Personality Types
  The organization and relationships of the 16 Myers Briggs Personality Types are outlined according to 4 basic Personality Types and 8 secondary type groups. The Jung-Myers concepts of psychological mental functions is explained in more depth and how they relate to Introversion and Extraversion. Definitions are offered which may aid a person, whose MBTI type score is at or near the border between opposite preferences, in identifying which of the 16 Personality Types is their "best fit."

• The Hidden Letters of the Myers-Briggs MBTI Personality Types
  We know that according to Isabel Myers and the Carl Jung model of Personality Type she expanded upon that "All people possess all of the Myers-Briggs preferences." So an INFP also has within its personality type pattern ESTJ. But how does this play out? Is it the same for each of the 16 types. This article explains how the hidden letters make a difference. The second page of the article, Patterns of Personality Type, presents a graphic image for each of the 16 Myers Briggs Personality Types that illustrate how the hidden letters or hidden mental functions and mental attitudes are arranged.

Advanced Articles on the MBTI, Carl Jung & Personality Type

• Lenore Thomson on Carl Jung and Personality Type
  Lenore Thomson is author of "Personality Type: An Owner’s Manual" and the former editor of the Jungian Journal Quadrant and a lecturer with the C.G. Jung Foundation in New York City. She is an internationally recognized authority on Jung's Theory of Psychological Type and an experienced psychotherapist.

• The Building Blocks of Personality Type
  Review of a new book by Leona Haas and Mark Hunziker illustrates how Carl Jung's eight mental processes underlie the familiar Myers-Briggs Personality Types and the four letter personality type code. The book includes detailed examples and a nice set of appendices that will be of value to the serious student of personality type and practitioners who use Personality Type in their practices.

• The Faces of Personality Type Development
  This article explores the duality inherent in Jung's model of Psychological Type and suggests a pattern of development that each Personality Type will tend to follow as a person matures.

• Emotional Intelligence, Emotions, Feeling & Personality Type
  Emotional Intelligence and EQ instruments have become popular concepts and applications in education and business. While at first blush, emotional intelligence seems to refer to the Jung-Myers concept of Feeling judgment, it appears the relationship to Personality Type and the Jung-Myers typology is much more complex.

Articles on Applications of the MBTI & Personality Types

• MBTI ^® Educational Applications: Are They Really Problem Students?
  Educators and authors Jane Kise and Beth Russell illustrate how they have used the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator - MBTI - and an understanding of Jungian & Myers Briggs Personality Type to assist teachers with reaching across boundaries to connect with a wider variety of student learning styles.

• Career Choice and Career Development: Using the MBTI ^® and Personality Type
  Whether it is preparing for your first career, changing careers in mid-life, succeeding in your career, or actively engaging in a job search, an understanding of your Personality Type and research on the Myers-Briggs & MBTI can help your career development. Author Ross Reinhold is a qualified MBTI Administrator, a former Human Resources executive, and has several years of experience as a career planning and job search coach.

• Jung and Organization Development: A Powerful Model for Change Agents
  Jan Yuill, an author and an organizational development consultant, describes a model of organizational intervention she developed based on the Jung-Myers-MBTI  ^® typology of personality. Her book - "Organizations Alive!" - offers an in depth look into how to use this model to enhance organizational change.

• The Practical Business Applications of the MBTI Myers-Briggs Personality Type Model
  A former business owner and human resources executive reflects on some significant personal learnings in applying an understanding of Myers-Briggs Personality Type to relationships and practices in business.

• Transformational Leadership: Using the MBTI to Coach Leaders
  The MBTI and Executive Leadership Coaching: Using the MBTI to Help Leaders Shape an Optimally Balanced Organizational Culture by Stanley D. Truskie, Ph.D.

• The 8 Colors of Exercise Fitness
  An interview by Linda Berens of Suzanne Brue on the relationship of personality types and exercise. ---Descriptions of the 8 Exercise Fitness Personalities

• Presidential Politics & Personality Types
  Type Watching US Politics. Is how we vote and whom we vote for greatly influenced by our genetic make-up? Are we born with a predisposition to be a Republican?

^® MBTI, Myers-Briggs, Meyers Briggs, and Myers-Briggs Type Indicator are registered trademarks or trademarks of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Trust in the United States and other countries (aka meyer briggs or myers briggs).

* While commonly referred to as the Myers Briggs Test or the MBTI test, the MBTI ^® is not a test but a personality inventory or instrument in which there are no right or wrong answers.

The Distribution of MBTI Myers Briggs Personality Types In General Population Allen Hammer and Wayne Mitchell CPP, Inc. Study of normative sample of 1267 adults Journal of Psychological Type, Volume 37, 1996 TABLE 1. ISTJ 15.6% ISFJ 11.5% INFJ 2.6% INTJ 3.5% 33.2% ISTP 6.4% ISFP 4.5% INFP 4.3% INTP 5.2% 20.4% ESTP 4.8% ESFP 5.7% ENFP 6.3% ENTP 4.7% 21.5% ESTJ 9.9% ESFJ 9.6% ENFJ 2.5% ENTJ 2.8% 24.8% 36.7% 31.3% 15.7% 16.2% N=1267

The Distribution of MBTI Myers Briggs Personality Types among the membership of the Association for Psychological Type (2004) A professional association for practitioners and lay people with an interest in Myers-Briggs, the MBTI, and associated theories and instruments derived from the Theory of Psychological Type of Carl Jung. TABLE 2. ISTJ 5.5% ISFJ 3.2% INFJ 8.6% INTJ 10.7% 28.0% ISTP 0.9% ISFP 1.1% INFP 11.5% INTP 6.6% 20.1% ESTP 0.7% ESFP 1.2% ENFP 16.4% ENTP 7.5% 25.9% ESTJ 4.5% ESFJ 3.5% ENFJ 9.8% ENTJ 8.2% 26.0% 11.6% 8.9% 46.3% 33.1%   In examining table 1 and table 2, you can easily see the kinds of folks who are drawn to learning about Personality Type, to the extent of joining an organization like APT, are a quite different ilk from the general population. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Some specific comparisons: Among APT members, 51.9% favor Extraversion, slightly more than the general population. A much more significant difference is the fact that 79% of APT Members favor Intuition over Sensing, whereas in the general population that figure is only 31.9%. Only 3.9% of APT members favor S & P (encompassing the four xSxP Personality Types) whereas in the general population these four types comprise 21.4%. In the general population NF types (xNFx) were the smallest grouping at 15.7%, whereas in APT they are the largest - the clear majority by a long shot at 46.3% ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ You find these types of abnormal distributions of Personality Types among a number of professional, occupational, and social groups. Birds of feather tend to flock together and in doing so they create within an organization or group a kind of culture that tends to favor certain Personality Types . . . and conversely make some other Types feel like the odd-duck in the pond. The interaction between the effects of inherent differences in nature (due to one's personality type pattern) and nurture (the social environment) the abnormal distributions of Personality Type (and the various cultural practices that spring from them) get perpetuated within the social, political, or occupational group.

Differentiated School Leadership: Effective Collaboration, Communication, and Change Through Personality Type Jane Kise and Beth Russell have produced another winner in their series of books on applying Personality Type concepts in an educational environment. This one is an ideal resource for principals, lead teachers, school superintendents, board members, and others involved in school leadership concerns. [Learn More Here]

Differentiation Through Personality Types: A Framework for Instruction, Assessment, and Classroom Management A practical guidebook for teachers - ". . . . an absolute goldmine for teachers. Each page delivers a nugget of insight, understanding and guidance . . . ." This is Jane Kise's companion to her earlier manual directed at those who coach & teach the teachers. This one is for the teaching practitioner: ". . . Every teacher—beginning, experienced, urban, suburban, rural, and private—will find examples and ideas that they can use immediately.""[More Info Here]

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